Evidence for the effectiveness of interventions to prevent infections among people who inject drugs: Review of mathematical modelling studies of opioid agonist treatment and needle and syringe programmes for preventing hepatitis C transmission

Introduction

This report describes the methods and findings of a systematic review of mathematical modelling studies of the population-level impact of opioid agonist treatment (OAT) and needle and syringe programmes (NSPs) on hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). This review is one component of a series of systematic reviews of the literature undertaken to update the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) 2011 joint guidance on ‘Prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs’.

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Table of contents

  • Abbreviations
  • Executive summary
  • Background
  • Methods
    • Research question
    • PICO and inclusion/exclusion criteria
    • Data sources and search methods
    • Study selection 
    • Critical appraisal 
    • Methods for data synthesis
  • Results
    • Opioid agonist treatment
    • Opioid agonist treatment in prison
    • Needle and syringe programmes
    • Combination OAT+NSPs
    • Combination OAT+NSPs+DAAs
  • Discussion
    • Summary of evidence
    • Strengths and limitations
    • Conclusions
  • References
  • Appendixes
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